CAS · 1263-89-4
Product Overview
Paromomycin sulfate salt丨1263-89-4 is an antibiotic in the aminoglycoside class, derived from the bacterium Streptomyces krestomycinius. It is primarily used to treat intestinal infections, particularly those caused by protozoa, and is also used in some cases to treat bacterial infections.
Product Specifications
| Property | Specification |
|---|---|
| Grade | USP43 |
| Appearance | White to yellowish powder |
| Identification | A and B: Conforms |
| Specific rotation | +50° to +55° |
| pH | 5.0 to 7.5 |
| Loss on drying | 5.0% max |
| Residue on ignition | 2.0% max |
| Bulk density | 0.25 - 0.65 g/ml |
| Assay | 675 µg/mg min |
Applications
1. Intestinal Amoebiasis
Paromomycin sulfate salt丨1263-89-4 is primarily used in the treatment of intestinal amoebiasis, which is caused by the protozoan Entamoeba histolytica. This condition can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and colitis.
● Effectiveness: Paromomycin is effective in targeting E. histolytica in the intestinal lumen without being absorbed into the bloodstream, which makes it a safe and effective option for treating luminal amoebiasis.
2. Giardiasis
Paromomycin is used to treat giardiasis, an infection caused by the protozoan Giardia lamblia. Giardiasis can lead to symptoms such as diarrhea, nausea, weight loss, and stomach cramps.
● Oral Administration: Paromomycin is effective in treating giardiasis because it targets the protozoa in the intestine, where the infection typically resides.
3. Leishmaniasis
Paromomycin sulfate is sometimes used for the treatment of leishmaniasis, an infectious disease caused by Leishmania parasites. It is often used in combination with other drugs in the treatment of cutaneous and visceral leishmaniasis.
4. Other Protozoal Infections
Paromomycin is also used in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis, trichomoniasis, and other protozoal infections that affect the gastrointestinal tract. It can also be prescribed in cases of severe diarrhea caused by protozoan pathogens.
5. Topical Use for Cutaneous Leishmaniasis
In some cases, Paromomycin sulfate salt丨1263-89-4 is used topically to treat cutaneous leishmaniasis, an infection of the skin caused by Leishmania parasites. The topical form of paromomycin, often combined with other drugs like methylbenzethonium chloride, has shown effectiveness in treating lesions.
6. Alternative to Systemic Aminoglycosides
In cases where systemic aminoglycosides are contraindicated or inappropriate due to their nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity, paromomycin is a safer alternative because it is poorly absorbed when taken orally. This allows it to have a local effect within the intestinal lumen without significant systemic absorption.
Benefits
1.Selective Action in the Intestinal Lumen: Paromomycin is poorly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, making it ideal for treating intestinal infections without significant systemic side effects.
2.Broad-Spectrum Activity: It is effective against a range of intestinal protozoa and bacteria, making it a versatile treatment option for both protozoal infections (such as amoebiasis and giardiasis) and bacterial infections.
3.Low Systemic Toxicity: Due to its poor absorption, Paromomycin sulfate salt丨1263-89-4 generally has low systemic toxicity, reducing the risk of side effects compared to systemic aminoglycosides.
4.Alternatives to Antibiotic Resistance: Paromomycin remains a useful option in regions where resistance to other treatments (like metronidazole) may be a concern, particularly in treating giardiasis and intestinal amoebiasis.
5.Topical Use: Paromomycin's effectiveness in treating cutaneous leishmaniasis through topical application provides a non-invasive treatment option that avoids the risks associated with systemic drug administration.
Conclusion
Paromomycin sulfate salt丨1263-89-4 is a valuable antibiotic and antiparasitic agent used primarily for the treatment of intestinal protozoal infections like amoebiasis and giardiasis, as well as certain bacterial infections and cutaneous leishmaniasis. Its ability to target the intestinal lumen without significant systemic absorption makes it a safe choice for many intestinal infections, with fewer systemic side effects than other aminoglycosides. However, it can still cause gastrointestinal discomfort, allergic reactions, and, in rare cases, more serious effects like nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. Proper dosing and medical supervision are essential to ensure effective and safe use.
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